April 27, 2016 0 komentar

Comparison

Definition of Comparison

Comparison is the process of comparing to or more people or things which have same or more of particular quality

Similarity

The differences in language system between Indonesian language and English language often surprise our student for example, in Indonesian language we may say “kemampuannya sama dengan saya”. We, then, like, to translate the pattern into “His ability is the same with me”. It is not about correct or incorrect, but it is about the acceptable pattern used in expressing similarity.

1. As + adjective + as

  a. Ana is beautiful. Dian is beautiful

      Ana is as beautiful as Dian

  b. Trisvo is not creative. Trisno is not creative

      Trisvo is not as creative as Trisno

 

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April 22, 2016 0 komentar

DERIVATION


Definition
In morphology, derivation is the process of creating a new word out of an old word, usually by adding a prefix or a suffix. Adjective: derivational. Linguist Geert Booij notes that one criterion for distinguishing derivation and inflection "is that derivation may feed inflection, but not vice versa. Derivation applies to the stem-forms of words, without their inflectional endings, and creates new, more complex stems to which inflectional rules can be applied" (The Grammar of Words, 2005).  Derivational change that takes place without the addition of a bound morpheme (such as the use of the noun impact as a verb) is called zero derivation or conversion.
Types Of Derivation
1.Adjective Derivation
adjective derivation is the adjective that is generated from the process of adding an affix either in the form prefix or suffix.
Number
Affixes (Suffix/prefix)
The Example of  Adjective Derivation
1
-able, -ble
changeable, credible, readable, questionable, teachable, workable
2
-al, -ial, -ical
aboriginal, disfunctional, periodical, procedural, territorial, theorical
3
-ant, -ent, -ient
convenient, different, exultant, ignorant, important, observant
4
-ar, -ary
singular, spectacular, unitary
5
-ate
fortunate, intimate, latinate, passionate, separate
6
-ed
bearded, bored, coordinated, melted, monied, tender-hearted
7
-en
Silken
8
-ful
beautiful, delightful, hopeful, hurtful, playful, useful
9
-ic
empiric, energetic, enthusiastic, generic, periodic, romantic
10
-ile
fragile, projectile, volatile


2.    Noun Derivation
Noun derivation is a noun formed from the process of word formation in which the derivative noun notching results will have a different meaning of the word essentially.
Number
Affixes (Suffix/prefix)
The Example of Noun Derivation
1
-acy, -cy
conspiracy, intimacy, supremacy
2
-age
courage, marriage, tonnage
3
-al
disposal, emotional, referral
4
-an, -ian
electrician, guardian, technician
5
-ance, -ence
clearance, independance, tolerance
6
-ancy, -ency
brilliancy, consistency, expectancy
7
-ant, -ent
astringent, constant, pleasant
8
-ary
revolutionary, visionary
9
-ate
nitrate, delegate, magistrate
10
-ation, -tion
imagination, supremation, specialization

3.    Adverb Derivation
Adverb derivation is an adverb formed from the process of forming the word derivative adverb result form where they will have a different meaning of the word essentially.
Number
Affixes (Suffix/prefix)
The Example of Adverb Derivation
1
a-
along, aside, away
2
-ever
whenever, wherever
3
-fold
Threefold
4
-ily
explanatorily, fairily, happily
5
-ly
clearly, tightly, validly
6
-place
someplace, everyplace
7
-ward
backwards, frontwards, shorewards
8
-where
anywhere, somewhere
9
-wise
clockwise, likewise, profitwise

4.    Verb Derivation
Verb derivation is the verb form of the word formation process in which the derivative of the verb result form will have a different meaning of the word essentially.

Number
Affixes (Suffix/prefix)
The Example of Verb Derivation
1
-ate
activate, communicate, validate
2
-ed
studied, talked, walked
3
-en
blacked, heighten, widen
4
-er
flicker, shiver
5
-ify
beautify, justivy, intensivy
6
-ize
centralize, criticize, sympathize
7
en-
enclose, endanger, enlarge
8
be-
befriend, behappy

 
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